PureStem® E72 BETATROPHIN+ Progenitor

PureStem® E72 BETATROPHIN+ Progenitor expresses the Mohawk homeobox gene (MKX), HAND2, TBX15, and the HOX genes: HOXA10, HOXD11 (implicated in forelimb development), but does not express the lateral plate mesoderm marker HOXB6 unless exposed to retinoic acid. It does not express the relatively distal HOX genes HOXB7 and HOXC8 (expressed by cultured MSCs from the iliac crest), or the HOX genes HOXC9, HOXC10, or HOXC11 (expressed in hindlimb, but not forelimb bud mesenchime). When these cells are cultured for 21 days in HyStem-C hydrogel with TGFβ3 and BMP4, the differentiated cells express strong osteochondral markers including COL2A1, ALPL, IBSP, and osteopontin (SPP1). When differentiated in HyStem-C in the presence of BMP4 alone, the cells express the adipocyte markers FABP4 and CD36 as well as BETATROPHIN/LIPASIN (C19orf80). Betatrophin-expressing fat cells are useful in research of lipid metabolism and pancreatic beta cell proliferation and diabetes research (Yi et al, 2013). Progenitor line E72 was derived from the human embryonic stem cell line MA03 (ACT03) as described (West et al, 2008). Since the cells do not express embryonic stem cell markers, the NIH does not place restriction on their use under federal funding.

Propagation Potential
Progenitor line E72 is sold at passage 12 (original clonal isolate in confluent 1.9 cm2 well being P1), which corresponds to approximately 13.5 doublings since the first 1.9 cm2 well and approximately 31.5 doublings since its original clonal plating. The line displays a finite lifespan in vitro, senescing at approximately 70 PD. When used properly this product should scale for a minimum of 10 population doublings